Biology Plant And Animal Responses - 2342 Words

13 Biology AS 91603 Plant and Animal Responses Plants Growth responses Tropisms Millar Tropisms are directional plant growth responses. The plant detects a stimulus and grows toward or away from it. The two most important are phototropism and gravitotropism (aka geotropism). Plant shoots (a newly growing shoot is referred to as a coleoptile) grow toward light. This is positive phototropism. The reason for this is to move them into the light they need for photosynthesis (i.e. to survive). So this lets them grow in a way that improves their survival chance The mechanism behind this: †¢ The tip of the coleoptile produces a chemical called auxin †¢ auxin is a hormone that stimulates the cells below the tip (called the zone of elongation) too expand, up to three times their original length †¢ exposure to light inhibits the production of auxin (it alters an oxidation process to change it into something useless) †¢ So on the side of the plant light shines on, much less auxin is produced. On the side with less light, more is able to be produced †¢ all the auxin produced travels down the plant into the zone of elongation †¢ the dark side has more auxin, so the dark side elongates more †¢ this bends the plant toward the light (referred to as curvature) Geotropism: geotropism is the movement relative to gravity. Plants roots do positive geotropism and the stems do negative geotropism This lets the plants roots grow down into theShow MoreRelatedGenetically Modified Organisms And Stem-Food Report1053 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent species but can be the same. The genes can also be manufactured instead of being extracted from the organism. Genetic modification can be done to plants, animals and even food. Genetically modified products can benefit humans in many ways such as genetically modified plants can be used to reduce vitamin deficiency (CGP A2-Level Biology Revision Guide, 2009). 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